Boils
There are three types of boils:
Dummal
Khiraj
Dabeela
(1) Dummal
Due to blood disorder, large boils appear near the large joints of the body or in soft flesh, which in medical terminology are called Dubal and in the Punjabi language are called Ratgarh. Its beginning is from a small pimple. Its mouth does not open fully and the surrounding area becomes red. Then while growing, it makes the nearby joint very weak. Standing up, sitting down, and walking becomes difficult. Sometimes fever also occurs. This boil gradually ripens, bursts, and the patient gets relief. It takes about two weeks from its beginning to its end. The disease leaves a mark when it goes away. With correct treatment, the disease is completely cured, otherwise, after bursting, it appears at some other place on the body. This disease is extremely painful.
Causes: Excessive use of hot and dry things, agitation of blood, heavy food.
(2) Khiraj
This is a red-colored muscular inflammation, the beginning of which is from an infectious substance in some organ. This substance makes the matter of that place infected and spreads into its surrounding structures, causing acute inflammation. Due to the production of infectious substance, the affected structure becomes inflamed. Heat and redness come along with pain at this location. In the beginning, the inflammation occurs with severe tension and it throbs. Where there are more nerves, the pain is greater, but with the formation of pus, its intensity decreases, and sometimes fever occurs due to the severity of the disease. Chills are felt, the face becomes red, and the body becomes wet with sweat. Due to pressure around the affected structure, excitement is triggered in the nerves, because of which the patient feels pain even at the healthy location.
Causes: Weakness, elements susceptible to infection, penetration of malicious bodies.
(3) Dabeela (Cold Boil)
This is larger than the inflammation of Dubal and is round. Generally, there is no pain in it. Sometimes, if heat has been generated in the infectious substance, then pain can also occur. Due to this inflammation remaining closed for a long time, strange bodies (sediment, sand, stone, and core/plug, etc.) are produced in it. When the internal matter of Dabeela dries up, it becomes small and takes a stone-like form. Due to stagnation/rest in the liver, this boil does not dissolve quickly, nor does pus form in it, so the altering power of the organ becomes helpless in making pus in it.
Causes: Excessive use of cold and dry things.
Facial Acne/Blackheads
In rising youth and advancing adolescence, small pimples are produced on the face which are hard and red-colored. When these pimples ripen, they take the form of blackheads/cores. If they are raw, a little pus is discharged from them, then blood comes out. Eliminating one pimple leads to more pimples coming out the next day. These pimples leave marks when finishing, which ruins the beauty of the face.
Causes: Indigestion, excess of sex hormones.
Leucoderma
Due to the weakening of the altering power of the skin, its nutrition is not fully digested, remaining somewhat raw and becoming phlegmatic, which produces white spots. Which in the beginning are small and later increase and spread over the whole body. If you hold the locations of these spots with a pinch, lift them up, separate them from the flesh, and pierce a needle only into the skin to see, if blood comes out from them, then keep hope for treatment, if water comes out, then consider it difficult to treat.
Causes: Hereditary, drinking milk after eating fish, eating something sour after drinking milk such as vinegar, pickle, and chutney, etc.
Leprosy
There are two types of leprosy:
Juzaam-e-Khadri
Juzaam-e-Ajri
1- Juzaam-e-Khadri:
The effect of this disease is on the nerves and the nerve center. In the beginning, along with a disturbance of disposition, a sensation of ants crawling in the body is felt. Due to the worsening of the skin's nutrition, round, white-yellowish spots appear in it, which keep spreading in the circumference, and a few join together to become large irregular spots. Their margin is raised and the central part becomes dry, white, and insensitive. A foul smell comes from the wounds, the power in the patient ends, and this disease lasts up to twenty years.
2- Juzaam-e-Ajri:
Its effect is on the mucous membrane. In the initial few months, no symptom appears, after that, disturbance of disposition and altered temperament cause red shiny patches to appear on the skin, which are seen on the forehead, thighs, and arms. In a few days, they wither, then they emerge again with fever. These small patches can join together and increase in volume to equal a hen's egg. Then pus forms in them, due to which they burst, and organs begin to be lost. Note: This disease occurs due to the infection of Mycobacterium leprae. It affects the skin, internal membranes, and peripheral nerves. The laboratory test is identified by performing a biopsy of the nodules on top of the patient's skin and seeing acid-fast bacilli on a slide.
Causes: Hereditary, worsening of syphilis.
Tumors / Lumps
A tumor (Sil'ah) is a collection of new cells whose growth is against the general rule of body development. Instead of doing useful work in the body, these cells perform destructive work and begin to destroy the surrounding structures. There are two types of tumors:
Simple/Benign Tumor
Malignant Tumor
Difference between both:
A simple tumor is not fatal, whereas a malignant tumor is fatal.
A simple tumor only increases in its size, whereas a malignant tumor infiltrates into other structures.
If a simple tumor is cut out, it does not occur again, whereas a malignant tumor appears again after being cut out because its effects remain in the body.
A simple tumor grows slowly, whereas a malignant tumor grows rapidly.
Simple Tumors:
The names of tumors have been kept according to the relevance of their structures where they are produced, and OMA is added to the names of those structures.
Epithelial Tumor (Papilloma) ...... It is formed from the mucous membrane of the skin, mouth, intestines, and bladder.
Glandular Tumor (Adenoma) ...... It comes out from the epithelial surface of glands such as the breast or thyroid gland, etc.
Bony or Cartilaginous Tumor (Osteoma or Chondroma) ...... This comes out in bone or cartilage.
Fibrous Tumor (Fibroma) ...... This fibrous structure can come out in any part of the body, usually subcutaneous.
Fatty Tumor (Lipoma) ...... This comes out on fatty structures. It is found on the neck, shoulder, or back. (Cause: Excess of micro-metabolism)
Muscular Tumor (Myoma) ...... It comes out in voluntary muscles in rare cases. Usually, it occurs in the muscular structure of the uterus, which is called Uterine Fibroid.
Vascular Tumor (Angioma) ...... This is formed in blood or lymphatic vessels. Its color is red or blackish in blood vessels, and light blue in lymphatic vessels. It is mostly on the face and neck, and if it is congenital, it is called a Birth Mark.
Nervous Tumor (Neuroma) ...... It comes out from the nerve endings found on the skin. Its color is black. It is called a nevus or mole (Mole). This can be anywhere on the skin.
Note: If these simple tumors are continuously irritated, there is a risk of them taking a malignant form.
Causes: Attack of malicious bodies, excessive use of cold and dry things.
Malignant Cancerous Tumors
Epithelial Cancerous Tumor (Carcinoma):
These cancerous tumors occur frequently. Since their spread is through the lymphatic system, therefore their secondary lymphatic tumors form rapidly. When such a tumor is cut out, all the relevant lymph nodes are also cut out, and generally, the presence of the primary cancerous tumor is known as a result of secondary growth.
Fleshy Cancerous Tumor (Sarcoma):
This is a tumor of connective lymphatic structure which is produced in bone, fat, tissue, cartilage, subcutaneous structure, and muscles. This occurs less compared to the former. Fundamentally, both of these tumors are cancer, which is a difficult-to-treat disease of this era.
Cancer
Cancer is a Latin language word, which is called Sartan (Crab) in the Arabic language, Carcinoma, Sarcoma in English, and Oma (Boil) in Greek. If there is a lump or tumor in any part of the body, the word OMA is added to the name of that organ, for example, if this ailment occurs in fat it is called Lipoma, and if it is in muscles it is called Myoma. This is a type of malignant tumor that can appear in any part of the body. Since its development is completely against the general rule of the body, therefore its unbridled cells stop the healthy cells of the body from their official duties, due to which the whole system of the body is turned upside down. Its beginning is from a small lump in which pain starts. Then around it, another lump of the same type emerges. Due to them, pain, fatigue, and fever start occurring in the body. Due to continuous inflammation, that part becomes inflamed, heat is clearly felt upon touching that location, and the inflamed part gradually starts to spread. While spreading, green and red veins appear on it, the resemblance of which is like the legs of a crab; just as a crab spreads its legs slowly, in the same way, this tumor also increases slowly. In this condition, pain in the back and shoulders and severe weakness occur. Loss of appetite and complaint of constipation occur. Pricking, burning in the body, and shortness of breath start. Due to the decrease of innate heat, anemia occurs. Urine decreases in quantity and becomes red-yellowish, and finally like mustard oil. Sometimes there is unbearable pain at the affected location. Sometimes vomiting occurs. Inflammation occurs on the hands, feet, and face, then the patient does not remain capable of walking around. Due to the excess of abnormal black bile, the blood becomes thick, due to which the pathways of the structures of internal organs get blocked, therefore nutrition does not reach the required organs. There, this situation reaches different stages: retention, constipation, irritation, restlessness, itching, pain, inflammation, ulcer, and up to cancer. After this, when this cancer becomes wounded, at that time its wound becomes reddish, sometimes black and green. In the beginning, foul-smelling water flows from this wound, and when pus forms in it, it keeps discharging after becoming severely infected. In the urine test, epithelial tissues appear more. The H.B. level decreases. E.S.R. increases. Its definitive diagnosis is by biopsy. If the tumor is inside the body, first the correct location is determined with an ultrasound and material is obtained.
Causes: Use of intoxicants, narcotics, and sedatives, meat-eating, smoking, effect of toxins, biting of insects, excessive use of dry and hot things.
Prickly Heat (Pitt)
Small pimples appear on the surface of the skin and spread over the whole body. Pressing them discharges white water and that place becomes red. In this disease, generally, the pores of the skin get blocked. The secretions of sweat get trapped inside, when they receive stimulation, small pimples are formed on the skin.
Causes: Excessive use of hot and dry things.
Excessive Sweating
The vascular system present in the body consists of the heart, arteries, and veins, which regulates blood circulation to provide nutrition to the whole body, and this system works under the nerves. Its center is the brain and the waste of this system is sweat because it is the waste of vascular digestion. It is subtle for this reason that compared to other systems of the body, the secretions used in it are more subtle.
Sweat: This is that secretion of the organs which finds excretion through the pores of the skin in certain special conditions, thus according to the relevance of the organs, it has three types:
1- Nervous Sweat: It is that which comes while sitting idle or lying down and sleeping in a state of rest. This is thin, generally, there is no bad smell in it, but if infection has been produced, a bad smell also comes.
Causes: Excessive use of moist and cold things.
2- Glandular Sweat: It is that which comes in hot, humid weather. When this sweat dries, salts accumulate on the skin. If infection is produced in them, an extremely unpleasant bad smell comes from it. Its secretions are also not very thick but thin.
Causes: Hot and humid weather, hot and dry food and environment.
3- Muscular Sweat: This is that sweat which comes from excessive movements. In the case of more exercise, sweat starts coming. These secretions of sweat are thick, and in the state of being infected, a sour smell comes from this sweat, and wherever it touches the body, a lot of itching and scratching occurs there. Causes: Excessive use of dry and hot things.
Foul-Smelling Sweat
Due to the secretions present in the excretory glands becoming infected, foul-smelling sweat comes, because of which they themselves also get troubled. Secondly, others do not like to sit near them.
Causes: Disorder of the digestive system, excessive use of heavy things, the ailment of tuberculosis, etc.
Skin Cracking
The sensitive nature of some individuals cannot tolerate seasonal variation, due to which parts of the skin at different locations of the body, especially hands and feet, crack.
Causes: Excessive use of cold and dry things, seasonal variation, indigestion, constipation, abdominal gas.
Sunstroke
With the increase in temperature in the summer season, every living being is affected. Sweat is discharged from its heat, when its quantity increases, precious salts are discharged from the body, due to which the ailment of sunstroke occurs. In this disease, the skin becomes hot and red. Due to fast blood circulation, the heartbeat also becomes fast. Due to its speed, a sensation of tension is felt in the nerves, especially this condition is more in the muscles of the neck and back. High fever occurs, the temperature of which becomes 104 to 106. Severe thirst is felt, which is not quenched even by drinking water. The head spins, walking around becomes difficult, one does not feel like eating anything, and a condition of nausea and vomiting is produced. In the severity of the disease, unconsciousness prevails because the immune system becomes weak.
Causes: Hot and dry climate, use of hot and dry foods.
Strike and Fall
If an accident, a blow from a stick, a fall, or any kind of injury occurs on the body, pain, inflammation, and swelling occur on the affected part.
Fungal Infection
The example of this disease is just like when cold affects the ground in the winter season, its salinity comes up and underneath is hard blackish ground. Similarly, when the effect of cold and dryness occurs in some people, symptoms like acidity, constipation, gas, flatulence, insomnia, lack of sweating, cracking of hands and feet, and roughness of face and body become prominent. Due to the skin pores being closed, scales shed from the entire body, or locally due to skin pores being closed, scales shed, just as dandruff forms in the head and beard and husks shed, and the intermediate parts of fingers of hands and feet rot. Causes: Excessive use of cold and dry things.
Eczema
This disease occurs due to the agitation of blood. Pricking and burning are felt in the body. Sometimes the body becomes extremely red. When this same condition remains for a long time, hard red-colored pimples emerge in which severe burning and pain occur. These often appear in the form of a circular ring at sensitive locations of the body. Sometimes they come out on the entire body. The patient feels as if fire is lit in the body and feels anxiety. When there is severity in the disease, pus forms in these pimples. Then this poisonous matter comes out and wherever it touches, it produces this condition there as well. When further severity comes into it, crusts form on the pimples and the patient experiences a lot of itching, which they scratch hard, and finally blood comes out.
Causes: Gonorrhoeal matter.
Carbuncle
This disease usually affects diabetic patients because their immunity is low, therefore its germs, after entering the skin, penetrate to the lower layer. In the beginning of the disease, a small pimple appears which spreads and affects the nearby skin. Due to the spread of inflammation, the nearby place becomes red, and this raised pimple is in the middle of it. It looks as if a pearl is lying on a red carpet. For this reason, ancient physicians named it Shab Chiragh (Night Lamp). In one or two days, pus forms under the red place. Carbuncles can be one or more.
Causes: True diabetes.
Skin Peeling
When atrabilious matter burns and turns to ash, the nature-regulating power throws them outside the skin. This corrupts the skin with its corruption, because of which itching occurs in it and scales peel off from the skin.
Causes: Excessive use of cold and dry things.
Gangrene
If in any part of the body such as the skin, arm, hand, fingers of feet, and lungs, etc., due to a wound or injury, the supply of blood is not received, then in the beginning, that location becomes numb. Then it breaks and takes the form of a wound, and that wound begins to turn black due to continuously not receiving blood. If its immediate treatment is done, relief from the disease can be achieved, otherwise, that much part of the body has to be amputated. If negligence is still shown, it proves fatal; generally, it has two types:
Dry Gangrene
Wet Gangrene
1- Dry Gangrene: Like when due to old age in the arteries of the feet, heart weakness, or due to diabetes, blood circulation stops, the fingers of the feet die and dry type of gangrene occurs, the foot shrinks like a dry mummy and the color becomes black. This color is produced due to the effect of germs on hemoglobin. 2- Wet Gangrene: In this, along with the changes mentioned in dry gangrene, secretions accumulate and become infected because arterial blood does not reach, and that which is already accumulated in this part becomes infected and begins to give a bad smell.
Causes: Gastric diabetes, burning, rotting, injury, and fall.
Obesity
All starchy foods turn into sugar during digestion. This sugar, in the form of glucose, becomes a part of the body and provides energy, but when this glucose is in excess of the body's need, its storage occurs in the liver and other muscles in the form of fat, which causes obesity. This usually happens due to eating more fats, grease, and rich foods, causing fat to accumulate under the skin and around internal organs. Due to excess fat, great difficulty is produced in body movements, because of which ailments like diabetes, shortness of breath, increase of fat in the blood, thickening of blood, angina, and sinking of the heart are encountered. Stones are formed in their kidney, bladder, and gallbladder. Every single joint of the whole body aches. Movement decreases because such persons can neither walk fast nor run. Laziness and sloth occur, and sleep is deep, long, and snoring. Traveling is a torment for them. Psychologically, they remain victims of confusion. There is difficulty and hindrance in marital rights, and gradually they become useless from a sexual standpoint. Women get this ailment due to stoppage of menstruation or from the use of birth control pills.
Causes: Rich, flatulent, and late-digesting foods. Sugar, rice, fat, chapati, etc. Hereditary, birth control medicines, not exercising or leaving it suddenly while doing it.
Thinness
Some individuals are physically extremely thin and weak, who are immediately affected by a slight change of weather. A lack of fluid occurs in their bodies, therefore with minor dissolution, their body becomes involved in different diseases. The reason for this is that to protect the organs from the heat and cold of the air, flesh is a strong shield, which becomes very less. The human appears as a fist of bones.
Causes: Scarcity of food, chronic indigestion, intestinal worms, grief and worry, excessive use of sour and dry things. After-effects of wrong treatment of certain diseases, psychological ailments, after-effects of tuberculosis or typhoid.
Corns / Calluses
Hard knots form in the soles of the feet of some people, on which severe pain occurs. Sometimes the patient cannot even walk around.
Causes: Excessive use of cold and dry things.